<aside> Comparison operators and logical operations are essential for creating conditional logic in C# programs. They form the foundation of decision-making in your code.

</aside>

⚖️ Comparison Operators

Comparison operators evaluate relationships between values and return boolean (true/false) results.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
<	Less than	5 < 10	true
<=	Less than or equal to	5 <= 5	true
>	Greater than	10 > 5	true
>=	Greater than or equal to	10 >= 11	false
==	Equal to	5 == 5	true
!=	Not equal to	5 != 10	true

🧮 Mathematical Operators

Mathematical operators perform arithmetic operations on numeric values.

Operator	Name	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	5 - 3	2
*	Multiplication	5 * 3	15
/	Division	10 / 2	5
%	Modulus (Remainder)	10 % 3	1
++	Increment	int x = 5; x++;	6
--	Decrement	int x = 5; x--;	4
+=	Addition assignment	int x = 5; x += 3;	8
-=	Subtraction assignment	int x = 5; x -= 3;	2
*=	Multiplication assignment	int x = 5; x *= 3;	15
/=	Division assignment	int x = 10; x /= 2;	5
%=	Modulus assignment	int x = 10; x %= 3;	1

// Examples of mathematical operators
int a = 10;
int b = 3;

int sum = a + b;        // 13
int difference = a - b; // 7
int product = a * b;    // 30
int quotient = a / b;   // 3 (integer division)
int remainder = a % b;  // 1

// Increment and decrement
int c = 5;
c++;                    // c is now 6
c--;                    // c is back to 5

// Compound assignment
int d = 10;
d += 5;                 // d is now 15 (same as d = d + 5)
d -= 3;                 // d is now 12 (same as d = d - 3)
d *= 2;                 // d is now 24 (same as d = d * 2)
d /= 6;                 // d is now 4 (same as d = d / 6)
d %= 3;                 // d is now 1 (same as d = d % 3)

Note that when dividing integers, the result is an integer (decimal part is truncated). For floating-point division, at least one operand must be a floating-point type:

int x = 10;
int y = 3;
double result1 = x / y;      // 3.0 (integer division occurs before conversion)
double result2 = x / (double)y; // 3.333... (proper floating-point division)

🔗 Logical Operators

Operator	Name	Description
&&	AND	Both conditions must be true

!	NOT	Inverts the boolean value

📝 Example Usage

// Basic comparison
int age = 25;
bool isAdult = age >= 18;  // true

// Combining conditions with AND
bool hasLicense = true;
bool canDrive = isAdult && hasLicense;  // true

// Using OR operator
bool isHoliday = false;
bool isWeekend = true;
bool canRest = isHoliday || isWeekend;  // true

// Using NOT operator
bool isWorking = !isHoliday;  // true

🎯 Common Use Cases

// Age verification
if (age >= 18 && hasLicense)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Can drive");
}

// Temperature check
int temperature = 25;
if (temperature < 0 || temperature > 30)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Extreme temperature!");
}

// Password validation
string password = "secret123";
bool isValid = password.Length >= 8 && password.Contains("123");

<aside> 💡 Best Practices: • Use parentheses to make complex conditions more readable • Combine operators carefully to avoid logical errors • Consider the order of evaluation in complex conditions • Use meaningful variable names for boolean values

</aside>

<aside> ⚠️ Common Pitfalls: • Confusing == (comparison) with = (assignment) • Not considering all possible conditions • Over-complicating logical expressions • Forgetting that && evaluates before ||

</aside>

🔄 Short-Circuit Evaluation

C# uses short-circuit evaluation for logical operators: