🔍What are Exceptions?

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Exceptions are errors that occur during program execution (runtime) that can disrupt the normal flow of a program. Without proper handling, these errors can cause your application to crash.

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⚠️Common Causes of Exceptions

• File operations (file not found, permission issues)
• Database operations (connection failures, query errors)
• Network operations (connection timeout, server unreachable)
• Invalid user input
• Arithmetic errors (division by zero)

🛠️Exception Handling Tools

C# provides four main tools for handling exceptions:

1. Try Block

Contains the code that might throw an exception:

try
{
    // Code that might cause an exception
    string content = File.ReadAllText("myfile.txt");
}

2. Catch Block

Handles the exception if one occurs:

try
{
    string content = File.ReadAllText("myfile.txt");
}
catch (FileNotFoundException ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}");
}

3. Finally Block

Contains code that always executes, regardless of whether an exception occurred:

FileStream file = null;
try
{
    file = File.OpenRead("myfile.txt");
    // Process file
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}");
}
finally
{
    file?.Close(); // Always close the file
}

4. Throw Keyword